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Ostracon:
They
are pottery shreds or stone flakes were collected by the artisans of the royal
tombs who were out of duty while cutting the tomb.On these fragments they drew
pictures to suit their fancy or inscribed poetry of their compisition. The
sketches and free drawings concern the daily life.Drawings of animals often
illustrate stories,fables and adges. The large fragments were used as writing
exercises. The most important piece is the drawing of the cat leads gees, which
confirms social and political criticisms.
Papyrus:
The
most important writing material used from the earliest times until after the
Arabic conquest. From the 1S’” dynasty onwards,it became the custom to bury
with persons of the better class books of religious or rather magical character
intended to be sernice in the after life.Also there are funerary books which
fail into two classes: 1 Copies of the so called”Book of the Dead”. They are
selections of magical spells to be recited by the dead man to protect him
against injury demons, the second death, to enable him to emerge from the tomb
to accompany the gods, to become various divine powers, also securing aquittral
at the judgment,and for many other purposes.
2
Books describing the nocturnal passage of the sun god through the twelve
divisions
of the internal regions. They often bear the title”the book of that which is
in
the Undenvorld”. These funerary books were written in hieroglyphs until about
the21st dynasty when heratic came into use for the purpose.
Unfinished
statues show the primary steps of the manufacturing. They were
used
As
the models applied by the artist in large scale.
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